How much hotter can it get?

 How much hotter will it get for Singapore?


Can we cut our carbon emissions to net zero? What are the possible future scenarios?

What are the impacts of global warming on Singapore?
How can Singapore deal with the impacts?

1. Rising sea level and need to protect our coastal area from the threat of coastal flooding
What causes the sea level to rise?
Why is rising sea level a threat to low-lying coastal areas and islands?

2. Rising temperatures with more extreme weather
How does rising temperatures result in more extreme weather?
Why are extreme weather a threat?



While humans can adapt to this with air-conditioning and shade, our native flora and fauna cannot and the impact of a prolonged heatwave will be detrimental.


A warmer atmosphere can also “hold” more moisture - about 7 per cent more per 1 deg C of warming. This can produce more intense rainfall events.





How can climate change be mitigated in Singapore?

Singapore Green Plan 2030

How effective will the Green Plan 2030 be in reducing carbon emissions?

Refer to my earlier post on the Green Plan 2030.

Compare the Green plan 2030 with the Green Plan 2012.
You have looked at fuel switch in reducing carbon emission as the main strategy used in the Green Plan 2012. What would you select as the main strategy in the Green Plan 2030 to reduce carbon emission? What is the main strength and limitation of your selected strategy?

Click on the images below for higher resolution for Green Plan 2030


Additional measures were added to the Singapore Green Plan 2030 in Feb 2021.





Above information mainly extracted from UN climate report published on Straits Times 21 Aug 2021

https://www.straitstimes.com/multimedia/graphics/2021/08/ipcc-climate-report-singapore/index.html/index.html


Urban heat island effect occurs when natural land cover is replaced by urban surfaces that absorb and trap heat, such as buildings and roads. Studies have shown that this has caused temperature differences of up to 7 degrees Celsius between urban and less built-up areas in Singapore.


In the first half of the year, urban heat island effect has resulted in eastern areas such as Marine Parade and Changi to bore the brunt of the heat compared to other parts of Singapore, according to climate maps from MSS. In some months, the difference was nearly as much as 4 degrees Celsius.

https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/temperatures-warmer-climate-change-singapore-urban-planning-developments-2107851


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Dover Forest conservation

 


Why is there a need to create a green corridor and a nature park?

How is the housing project made sustainable?

https://www.google.com/amp/s/mustsharenews.com/dover-forest-housing-project/amp/

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Green buildings Ecotown Tampines

What are green buildings?
How do green buildings help to mitigate climate change?
 


Several buildings in Tampines central may soon be retrofitted with a cooling system that is more energy efficient. This can lead to 17 to 18 % reduction in electricity consumption. Known as distributed district cooling, the proposed network for Tampines involves having the existing cooling systems of selected buildings produce chilled water to serve the building and others around it. 

The buildings will all be interconnected via insulated pipes that can distribute and circulate the chilled water in a closed loop.

Greener system of cooling buildings pave the way for more eco-friendly towns. Sustainable towns and districts are essential for Singapore to meet our sustainability goals under the Singapore Green Plan 2030.

A district cooling system can be likened to a giant air-conditioner that can cool an entire district of buildings rather than just individual ones. Chilled water is generated in a central cooling plant before being piped to various buildings through an underground network to provide air conditioning. Warmer water is then circulated back to the cooling plant, so that they can be chilled again and redistributed to buildings. One area that has implemented a district cooling system is Marina Bay. Designed and operated by SP, the underground system serves 16 developments in the area, including Marina Bay Sands, the Marina Bay Financial Centre, as well as One Raffles Quay. By centralising the production of chilled water, about 25,000 sq m of prime land space was freed up for other uses, as buildings did not have to build their own chiller plant.


https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sustainability/tampines-cooling-buildings-eco-friendly-towns-2122426

A new type of heat-reflective paint will be used on some 130 Housing Board blocks in Tampines, under a pilot project that aims to reduce ambient temperatures by up to 2 degree Celsius.  




https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/housing/tampines-hdb-blocks-to-be-coated-with-cool-paint-in-pilot-project-for-cooler


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Famine in Madagascar

In Madagascar, hunger has already left people eating raw red cactus fruits, wild leaves and even locusts. 

Southern Madagascar is experiencing its worst drought in decades, with 1.14 million people  facing food insecurity and 400,000 people at risk of starvation.




What cause the severe food shortage in Madagascar?

How does the UN World Food program help?

Why is climate change partly to be blamed?

Read the article below

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2021/7/23/nothing-left-catastrophe-madagascar-famine-hit-south

People are forced to even eat leather cutoff from sandals.


https://www.facebook.com/68793499001/posts/10159520765084002/

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