Water crisis in Nepal


Where are the areas water is contaminated?

Who are affected by contaminated water?

How do the people get access to water in Nepal?

What are the impacts of drinking water that is not clean?

How can this problem be solved?

Why is it difficult to mitigate the issue?



Watch the video below to find out other factors contributing to lack of clean water in Nepal.


Watch the video below to see how water is made accessible in Nepal.


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Micro-grid in Pulau Ubin

I learned about the Pulau Ubin micro-grid which was launched in 2013 to provide more than 30 of the island’s residents and businesses with cleaner and affordable electricity during the 2018 Geography symposium LJ. 


Above taken in 2018 during the learning journey to Pulau Ubin. The solar panels on the roof top slightly tilts downwards towards the east. This maximise the absorption of solar and also allow the water to drain off the roof.

http://geogshare.blogspot.com/2018/05/pulau-ulbin-micro-grid-test-bed.html?m=1

Glad to hear about the upgraded micro-grid, which will be completed in 2023. 

Why is alternate energy needed?

How does this help the people living in Pulau ulbin?

What other measures are taken to mitigate climate change in Pulau Ubin 

https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/pulau-ubin-new-improved-micro-grid-solar-power-elderly-firefighting-wildlife-2770661

The improved micro-grid could potentially meet 90 per cent of the daily electricity demand in the main village using solar power.





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Afghanistan Earthquake

A 6.1 magnitude earthquake struck Afghanistan on 22 June resulting in more than 1000 dead.

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-61900260.amp



 https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/shocked-quake-survivors-wander-through-ruined-afghan-villages-2767046

What are the plates movement which resulted in the earthquake which affected Afghanistan?

What are the factors which contributed to the greater extent of damage?

How effective was the short-term responses?

Why are aids slow to be given to help the earthquake victims?




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More extreme weather

The impact of global warming has resulted on higher temperatures, an increase of 1.2 degree Celsius on average since industrial times and the land temperature increase is higher than this.  There will be more instances of heatwave across the globe.

Where are the areas most affected by heatwaves?

How does heatwaves affect people?

Oceans are also warming, leading to coral bleaching and reduced oxygen levels in the water. Warmer oceans also provide more heat and moisture to fuel storm systems, resulting in heavy rain and floods.

How has the warming of oceans affect people?

Where are the areas most affected?

As the atmosphere warms, it holds more moisture. For every degree of warming, the atmosphere can hold about 7 per cent more water vapour.


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Erosion control

With more intense rain due to climatate change, there is a need for more soil erosion control. One of the methods will be the use of coconut fibre coir mesh over the exposed areas.

Why are there more frequent and more intense rainfall?

How does this impact on Singapore?





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Adapting to urban heat

Plants on top of many bus stops in Pasir Ris near downtown east. Great initiative in cooling the area from urban heat. One way to mitigate raising temperatures from climate change.

What other strategies are used to mitigate the impact of urban heat?







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Increase in Food pricing

What cause the rise in food prices?

How does this affect food consumption in Singapore?



https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/chicken-fish-stallholders-fret-passing-higher-price-customers-1908961



Prices of food increased in Malaysia as well




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Fires May 2022

Read more about the 5 serious fires in May.

https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/if-your-neighbours-flat-is-on-fire-what-should-you-do


https://www.channelnewsasia.com/topic/fire

What cause the fires?

Where were the areas affected?

Why is fire a hazard in HDB flĂ ts?

How does the SCDF respond to the fires?

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    Climate change and food security

    As temperatures rise due to climate change, Singapore races to find solutions to secure its food supply with the use of technology.


    Who initiated this project in which rice is germinated in greenhouse and transplanted to high tech verticalfarm built against the wall of a HDB flat?
    When was the rice harvested?
    Where is this vertical farm located?
    What are the advantages of using a precision drip irrigation system where water and nutrients were delivered in suitable amounts to the rice's roots?
    Why are the Temasek Rice able to withstand tough weather conditions such as heat, drought and floods?

    Singapore imports more than 90 per cent of its food and has set a target of producing 30 per cent of its nutritional needs by 2030.

    More frequent bouts of extreme weather - both dry and wet affect rice production negatively.
    In 2019, Thailand experienced the lowest amount of rain for a decade, causing severe water shortages. The Mekong River fell to record low levels and rice cultivation suffered significantly. Increased rainfall over 2021 improved overall yields, it still resulted in widespread damage in many regions as the more intense rain cause rice fields to be flooded and rice plant to rot.

    Only 26 per cent of the 8.1 million agricultural households in Thailand have access to irrigation system. With the majority of those farmers being ageing small operators with little education or access to technology, climate change is also expected to increase income inequalities.


    Interactive on rice and climate change in Thailand


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    Singapore's fifth desalination plant

    Singapore opens its fifth desalination plant, which is 5% more energy efficient, on 17 April 2022.

    Where are the other 4 desalination plants located?

    Why is there a need for more desalination plants?

    What are the limitations getting more water from desalination?


    Where is the new desalination plant located?
    Why is there a need to increase water supply in Singapore?
    What are the advantages and disadvantages of using desalination to increase our water supply?


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